Girish Chander

@inbook{Suhas2021,
title = {Scaling-up Food Legumes Production through Genetic Gain and Improved Management},
author = {P.Wani Suhas and Chander Girish and D.Patil Mukund and Sawargaonkar Gajanan and Sameer Kumar},
url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-030-64500-7_10},
doi = {10.1007/978-3-030-64500-7_10},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-09-29},
booktitle = {Genetic Enhancement in Major Food Legumes},
pages = {303-338},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@article{Srikanth2021,
title = {Nitrogen Use Efficiency in Sorghum: Exploring Native Variability for Traits Under Variable N-Regimes},
author = {Bollam Srikanth and Kaur Romana Kirandeep and Rayaprolu Laavanya and Vemula Anilkumar and Rani Das Roma and Rathore Abhishek and Gandham Prasad and Chander Girish and P.Deshpande Santosh and Gupta Rajeev and
},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/11857/1/fpls-12-643192.pdf},
issn = {1664-462X},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-04-30},
journal = {Frontiers in Plant Science (TSI)},
volume = {12},
number = {643192},
pages = {1-19},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{A.2021,
title = {Biogenic link to the recent increase in atmospheric methane over India},
author = {Singh A. and Kuttippurath J. and Abbhishek K. and Mallick N. and Raj S. and Chander G. and Dixit S.},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.112526},
year = {2021},
date = {2021-04-10},
journal = {Journal of Environmental Management },
volume = {289},
abstract = {Methane (CH4) is a prominent Greenhouse Gas (GHG) and its global atmospheric concentration has increased
significantly since the year 2007. Anthropogenic CH4 emissions are projected to be 9390 million metric tonnes by
2020. Here, we present the long–term changes in atmospheric methane over India and suggest possible alternatives to reduce soil emissions from paddy fields. The increase in atmospheric CH4 concentrations from 2009 to
2020 in India is significant, about 0.0765 ppm/decade. The Indo-Gangetic Plains, Peninsular India and Central
India show about 0.075, 0.076 and 0.074 ppm/decade, respectively, in 2009–2020. Seasonal variations in CH4
emissions depend mostly on agricultural activities and meteorology, and contribution during the agricultural
intensive period of Kharif–Rabi (i.e., June–December) is substantial in this regard. The primary reason for
agricultural soil emissions is the application of chemical fertilizers to improve crop yield. However, for rice
farming, soil amendments involving stable forms of carbon can reduce GHG emissions and improve soil carbon
status. High crop production in pot culture experiment resulted in lower potential yield–scaled GHG emissions in
rice with biochar supplement. The human impact of global warming induced by agricultural activities could be
reduced by using biochar as a natural solution. },
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{V2020,
title = {Effect Of Plant Growth-Promoting Streptomyces Sp. On Plant Growth And Yield Of Tomato And Chilli},
author = {Srinivas V and Gopalakrishnan S and Kamidi PJ and Chander G },
url = {http://idc.icrisat.org/idc/wp-content/uploads/2021/01/Srinivas-et-al.-2020.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-12-18},
journal = {Andhra Pradesh J Agril. Sci},
volume = {6},
number = {2},
pages = {65-70},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@book{Gajanan2020,
title = {Mapping the Nutrient Status of Odisha’s Soils},
author = {Sawargaonkar Gajanan and Rozarios Gilbert and Chander Girish and Patil Mukund and Choudhari Pushpajeet and Kumar Nayak Rabindra and Dixit Sreenath and Kumar Mishra Prasanta and Muthukumar M and Reddy K Mahadeva and Kumar Padhee Arabinda and Mishra Antaryami },
url = {http://idc.icrisat.org/idc/wp-content/uploads/2020/12/Odisha%20Soil%20Atlas%20dated%202.12.2020.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-12-05},
pages = {347},
publisher = {ICRISAT},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}

@incollection{Dixit2020,
title = {Addressing agriculture in view of COVID-19 challenges in Odisha},
author = {Sreenath Dixit and Shyam Moses D and Mukund Patil and Sawargaonkar GL and Chander Girish and Aviraj Datta and Rohan Khopade and Venkataradha Akuraju and Mahadeva Reddy K and PK Mishra},
url = {http://idc.icrisat.org/idc/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/2020-Apr-12-Covid-19-strategy.-GoO.FINAL_.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-04-30},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}

@article{D.Moses2019,
title = {Zero Budget Natural Farming - An empirical analysis},
author = {Shyam D.Moses and Dixit Sreenath and Nune Rajesh and L.Sawargaonkar Gajanan and Chander Girish},
url = {http://idc.icrisat.org/idc/wp-content/uploads/2021/10/ZBNFPaper.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-12-30},
journal = {Green Farming},
volume = {10},
number = {6},
pages = {661-667},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{A2019,
title = {Influence Of Tillage Practices And Residue Management Practices on Yield Attributes And Yield Of Maize In Maize-Based Cropping Systems Under Semi-Arid Tropics},
author = {Kumari A and Chander G and Laxminarayana P and Wani SP and Reddy SN and Padmaja G},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/11397/
},
issn = {2395-5945},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-23},
journal = {The J. Res. PJTSAU},
volume = {47},
number = {3},
pages = {20-26},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Chander2019,
title = {Low-cost interventions for big impacts in dryland production systems},
author = {Chander G and Reddy TY and Kumar S and Padmalatha Y and Reddy S and Adinarayana G and Wani SP and Reddy YVM and Srinivas K},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/11047/
https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/03650340.2018.1560426?journalCode=gags20},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2018.1560426},
issn = {0365-0340},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-01-05},
journal = {Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science (TSI)},
pages = {1211-1222},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@inbook{Wani2018,
title = {Improving water use in tropical rain-fed systems: the situation in India},
author = {SP Wani and Garg KK and Chander Girish and Anantha KH },
url = {http://idc.icrisat.org/idc/wp-content/uploads/2019/07/Chapter-Water-Productivity-Published.pdf},
isbn = {978 1 78676 176 7},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-12-01},
booktitle = {Oweis, T. (ed.), Water management for sustainable agriculture},
publisher = {Burleigh Dodds publishing, Cambridge, UK},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@inbook{SP2018b,
title = {Soil Amendments for Sustainable Intensification},
author = {Wani SP and Chander G and Pardhasaradhi G},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/10958/},
isbn = {9780815370772},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-21},
booktitle = {Soil Amendments for Sustainability: Challenges and Perspectives},
pages = {3-17},
publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@inbook{G2018b,
title = {Scaling-up of Science-led Development - Sir Dorabji Tata Trust Initiative},
author = {Chander G and Pathak P and Wani SP and Pardhasaradhi G and Dasgupta SK },
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/10949/},
isbn = {9781786394514},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-21},
booktitle = {Corporate Social Responsibility: Win-win Propositions for Communities, Corporates and Agriculture},
pages = {145-160},
publisher = {CABI},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@inbook{GL2018,
title = {Increasing Agricultural Productivity of Farming Systems in Parts of Central India - Sir Ratan Tata Trust Initiative},
author = {Sawargaonkar GL and Chander G and Wani SP and Dasgupta SK and Pardhasaradhi G },
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/10950/},
isbn = {9781786394514},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-21},
booktitle = {Corporate Social Responsibility: Win-win Propositions for Communities, Corporates and Agriculture},
pages = {161-179},
publisher = {CABI},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@inbook{SP2018b,
title = {A Holistic Approach for Achieving Impact through CSR},
author = {Wani SP and Chander G and Garg KK },
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/10943/},
isbn = {9781786394514},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-21},
booktitle = {Corporate Social Responsibility : Win-win Propositions for Communities, Corporates and Agriculture},
pages = {21-34},
publisher = {CABI},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@inbook{R2018b,
title = {Farmer-centric Integrated Water Management for Improving Livelihoods – A Case Study of Rural Electrification Corporation Limited},
author = {Sudi R and Chander G and Wani SP and Pardhasaradhi G },
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/10952/},
isbn = {9781786394514},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-21},
booktitle = {Corporate Social Responsibility : Win-win Propositions for Communities, Corporates and Agriculture},
pages = {197-212},
publisher = {CABI},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@article{BR2018b,
title = {Effect of Potassium Levels, Sources and Time of Application on Yield of Onion (Allium cepa L.)},
author = {Kumara BR and Mansur CP and Chander G and Wani SP and Allolli TB and Jagadeesh SL and Mesta RK and Satish D and Meti S and Reddy S},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/10957/},
issn = {23207051},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-19},
journal = {International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience},
volume = {6},
number = {2},
pages = {540-549},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{BR2018b,
title = {Response of Onion (Allium cepa L.) to Potassium Levels, Sources and Time of Application},
author = {Kumara BR and Mansur CP and Wani SP and Chander G and Allolli TB and Jagadeesh SL and Mesta RK and Meti S and Satish D and Reddy SG},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/10956/},
issn = {23207051},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-19},
journal = {International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience},
volume = {6},
number = {2},
pages = {370-383},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@inbook{G2018,
title = {Building Soil Health, Improving Carbon Footprint and Minimizing Greenhouse Gas Emissions through CSR},
author = {Chander G and Wani SP and Pardhasaradhi G and Patil MD and Rao AN},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/10944/},
isbn = {9781786394514},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-11-01},
booktitle = {Corporate Social Responsibility : Win-win Propositions for Communities, Corporates and Agriculture},
pages = {35-54},
publisher = {CABI},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@article{BR2018,
title = {Potassium Levels, Sources and Time of Application on Nutrient Uptake and Nutrient Use Efficiency of Onion (Allium cepa L.)},
author = {Kumara BR and Mansur CP and Meti S and Jagadeesh SL and Chander G and Wani SP and Mesta RK and Satish D and Allolli TB and Reddy S },
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/10843/},
issn = {23197692},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-08-27},
journal = {International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences},
volume = {7},
number = {7},
pages = {4214-4225},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@inbook{Romana2018,
title = {Genomic-Assisted Enhancement in Stress Tolerance for Productivity Improvement in Sorghum},
author = {Romana KK and Chander G and Deshpande S and Gupta R },
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/10844/},
isbn = {978-3-319-94745-7},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-08-27},
booktitle = {Biotechnologies of Crop Improvement : Genomic Approaches},
pages = {265-288},
publisher = {Springer International Publishing},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@article{Kumara2018,
title = {Effect of Potassium Levels, Sources and Time of Application on Storage Life of Onion (Allium cepa L.)},
author = {Kumara BR and Mansur CP and Jagadeesh SL and Mesta RK and Satish D and Meti S and Chander G and Wani SP and Allolli TB and Reddy S},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/10955/},
issn = {23197692},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-07-30},
journal = {International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences},
volume = {7},
number = {7},
pages = {4226-4237},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Chander2018,
title = {Microbial consortium culture and vermi-composting technologies for recycling on-farm wastes and food production},
author = {Chander Girish and P. Wani Suhas and S Gopalakrishnan and Mahapatra Ankita and Chaudhury Swati and CS Pawar and Kaushal Manoj and AVR Kesava Rao},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/10409/
https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40093-018-0195-9},
issn = {2195-3228},
year = {2018},
date = {2018-01-27},
journal = {International Journal of Recycling of Organic Waste in Agriculture},
volume = {7},
pages = {99–108},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{D2017,
title = {Impact Assessment of ‘Bhoochetana’ – A Soil Test-Based Nutrient Management Scaling-Out Initiative in Karnataka},
author = {Dhanalakshmi D and Narayana Rao K and Srinivasa Prasad L and Chander G},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/10071/},
issn = {2320 – 7051},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-06-30},
journal = {International Journal of Pure & Applied Bioscience},
volume = {5},
number = {2},
pages = {706-710},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@inbook{Wani2017,
title = {Enhancing Resource Use Efficiency Through Soil Management for Improving Livelihoods},
author = {Suhas P. Wani and Girish Chander and KH Anantha},
url = {https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-981-10-3638-5_19},
isbn = {978-981-10-3637-8},
year = {2017},
date = {2017-03-16},
booktitle = {Adaptive Soil Management : From Theory to Practices},
pages = {413-451},
publisher = {Springer, Singapore},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@inbook{Sahrawat2016,
title = {Soil Nutrient Mapping for On-farm Fertility Management},
author = {Sahrawat KL and Wani SP and Chander G and Pardhasaradhi G and Krishnappa K},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/9781/},
isbn = {9781780648156},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-11-16},
booktitle = {Harnessing Dividends from Drylands: Innovative Scaling up with Soil Nutrients},
pages = {59-77},
publisher = {CABI},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@inbook{KK2016,
title = {Water Productivity and Income},
author = {Garg KK and Wani SP and Chander G and Anantha KH and Pardhasaradhi G },
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/9783/},
isbn = {9781780648156},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-11-14},
booktitle = {Harnessing Dividends from Drylands:Innovative Scaling up with Soil Nutrients},
pages = {236-258},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@article{SP2016b,
title = {Role of Micro and Secondary Nutrients in Achieving Food and Nutritional Security},
author = {Wani SP and Chander G},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/9754/},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-10-31},
journal = {Advances in Plants & Agriculture Research},
volume = {4},
number = {2},
pages = {1-2},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@techreport{Suhas2016b,
title = {Soil Health Mapping and Direct Benefit Transfer of Fertilizer Subsidy - PMO Strategy Document Series (Research Report IDC-6)},
author = {P.Wani Suhas and Chander Girish and Bhattacharyya Tapas and Patil Mukund},
url = {http://idc.icrisat.org/idc/wp-content/uploads/2017/10/IDC-Report-6-Final-1.pdf},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-10-01},
institution = {ICRISAT, Patancheru},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}

@inbook{KH2016,
title = {Human Capacity Development to adopt Best Practices},
author = {Anantha KH and Wani SP and Chander G and Sawargaonkar GL},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/9782/},
isbn = {9781780648156},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-09-30},
booktitle = {Harnessing Dividends from Drylands : Innovative Scaling up with Soil Nutrients},
pages = {78-98},
publisher = {CABI},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {inbook}
}

@incollection{SP2016b,
title = {Sustainable use of natural resources for crop intensification and better livelihoods in the rainfed semi-arid tropics of Central India},
author = {Wani SP and Chander G and Sahrawat KL and Pal DK and Pathak P and Pardhasaradhi G and Kamdi PJ },
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/9269/
http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S1573521415300099},
issn = {1573-5214},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-09-01},
volume = {78},
pages = {13-19},
publisher = {NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences},
abstract = {In Indian semi-arid tropics (SAT) in general and central part i.e. Madhya Pradesh state specifically; there are large yield gaps in most of the rainfed crops between current farmers’ yields and achievable ones. Soil fertility related degradation due to deficiencies of secondary and micronutrients mainly sulphur, boron and zinc in addition to macronutrients is mainly responsible for poor crop productivity, and along with poor hydraulic properties of Vertisols is responsible for about 2 million ha rainy season fallows. Soil health assessment of 11 districts in Madhya Pradesh, India has revealed that in most of the districts only few fields with adequate levels of sulphur, boron, zinc and phosphorus indicating their widespread low levels. Potassium was in general adequate. Farmers’ current blanket fertilization practices focused at macronutrients viz. nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium only, thus does not meet the variable soil fertility needs. Through participatory action research on soil test based fertilizer application, farmers realized benefits in crop productivity to the tune of 5 to 45% in the season of application and additional yield by 5 to 27% due to residual effects of S, B and Zn in succeeding three seasons. An economic assessment showed the balanced nutrition a profitable option in the 1st season itself. In current rainy fallow regions, the landform management as broadbed and furrow or conservation furrow along with balanced nutrition has shown that fallow lands in black soil regions in Madhya Pradesh can be successfully cultivated to grow soybean crop. In succeeding post-rainy season, the rainy season cultivated plots also yielded more as compared to adjoining plots having one crop only in post-rainy season. This study thus found that soil test based fertilization and landform management are the twin technologies for sustainable crop intensification in black soils of Central Indian region},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}

@article{Chander2016,
title = {Soil mapping and variety-based entry-point interventions for strengthening agriculture-based livelihoods – exemplar case of ‘Bhoochetana’ in India},
author = {Chander Girish and P.Wani Suhas and Krishnappa Kamma and Lal Sahrawat Kanwar and Pardhasaradhi Gazula and Shivappa Jangawad Lingraj },
url = {http://www.currentscience.ac.in/Volumes/110/09/1683.pdf},
issn = {0011-3891},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-05-10},
booktitle = {SOIL AND WATER MANAGEMENT},
journal = {Current Science},
volume = {110},
number = {9},
pages = {1683-1691},
publisher = {Current Science},
abstract = {Soil health diagnosis in nearly 100,000 farmers’ fields under ‘Bhoochetana’ initiative in Karnataka showed widespread soil degradation. Soil mapping-based fertilizer management was an effective entry-point intervention to take most farmers on-board to initiate the process of upgrading agriculture. Soils of the farmers’ fields showed low levels of micro- and secondary nutrients such as zinc (Zn) (55%), boron (B) (62%)
and sulphur (S) (52%) in addition to that of phosphorus (P) (41%), potassium (K) (23%) and soil organic carbon (C) (52%). Soil mapping-based fertilizer management recorded significant productivity benefits that varied from 25% to 47% in cereals, 28% to 37% in pulses and 22% to 48% in oilseed crops. In terms of economics, a rupee spent on soil test-based fertility management brought returns of Rs 3 to Rs 15. Similarly, the participatory trials showed that the use of high yielding varieties of sorghum, pearl millet, finger millet, groundnut, soybean, castor, pigeonpea and chickpea enhanced productivity by 30% to 123%. The tangible benefits through soil mapping and variety based interventions have enhanced the risk-taking ability of farmers to invest in technologies based on use of soil testing and use of improved cultivars of crops. The adoption of simple knowledge-based technologies as entry point interventions along with policy reorientation to ensure knowledge sharing and availability of needed inputs at village level, enabled in a period of four years (2009–2013) to outreach more than 5 million families in Karnataka to transfer improved technologies in more than 7 million ha area. The study indicates that knowledge-based entry point interventions like soil mapping and improved varieties targeted at providing simple solutions are the best options for quick benefits and rapport building with the majority farmers to initiate a collective action for technological upgradation of dry land agriculture.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{SP2016b,
title = {Water needs and productivity of Jatropha curcas in India: myths and facts},
author = {Wani SP and Garg KK and Chander G },
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/9527/
http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/bbb.1630/abstract;jsessionid=81C46E31986D42F004BC505E1A39C365.f01t03},
doi = {10.1002/bbb.1630},
isbn = {1932-1031},
year = {2016},
date = {2016-02-18},
journal = {Biofuels, Bioproducts and Biorefining},
volume = {10},
number = {3},
pages = {240-254},
abstract = {Jatropha curcas referred as a ‘wonder plant’ with low water requirement, which can be cultivated on wastelands in dry tropical conditions to provide oil seeds for biodiesel without competing for prime cropland. However, results from experiments and case studies in semi-arid tropical locations in India indicated that evapotranspiration (ET) demand for Jatropha ranges between 750 and 1000 mm under optimal conditions. Jatropha extracted water from soil layer 150 cm below with transpiration requirements of 600–800 mm with increasing age. The yield potential of current genotypes is low (2–3 ton/ha) for realizing the potential of Jatropha cultivation on wastelands subject to limited availability of nutrients and water. Jatropha curcas is drought tolerant, but contrary to belief, it is not a crop that requires less water: in fact, it requires 750–1000 mm water to achieve economic production. However, Jatropha curcas demonstrated good potential for enhancing green water use efficiency without adversely affecting the blue water component, and for promoting crop management options facilitating carbon sequestration and nutrient recycling when grown on degraded lands. Improved cultivars of Jatropha curcas with synchronized flowering to enable mechanical harvesting, along with improved land and water management, are needed for harnessing the potential of Jatropha as a commercially viable biofuel crop. © 2016 Society of Chemical Industry and John Wiley & Sons, Ltd},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{RA2015,
title = {Evaluating Climate Change Mitigation and Adaptation Potential of Conservation Agriculture in Semi-arid Tropics of Southern India},
author = {Jat RA and Wani SP and Pathak P and Singh P and Sahrawat KL and Chander G and Sudi R },
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/9203/},
issn = {2231-4784},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-12-28},
journal = {British Journal of Environment and Climate Change},
volume = {5},
number = {4},
pages = {324-338},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@incollection{Wani2015,
title = {Enhancing nutrient use efficiencies in rainfed systems},
author = {P.Wani Suhas and Chander Girish and K.Uppal Rajneet },
editor = {Rakshit, Amitava and Singh, Harikesh Bahadur and Sen, Avijit},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-81-322-2169-2_23},
doi = {10.1007/978-81-322-2169-2_23},
isbn = {978-81-322-2168-5},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
booktitle = {Nutrient Use Efficiency: from Basics to Advances},
pages = {359-380},
publisher = {Springer India},
abstract = {Successful and sustained crop production to feed burgeoning population in rainfed areas, facing soil fertility-related degradation through low and imbalanced amounts of nutrients, requires regular nutrient inputs through biological, organic or inorganic sources of fertilizers. Intensification of fertilizer (all forms) use has given rise to concerns about efficiency of nutrient use, primarily driven by economic and environmental considerations. Inefficient nutrient use is a key factor pushing up the cost of cultivation and pulling down the profitability in farming while putting at stake the sustainability of rainfed farming systems. Nutrient use efficiency implies more produce per unit of nutrient applied; therefore, any soil-water-crop management practices that promote crop productivity at same level of fertilizer use are expected to enhance nutrient use efficiency. Pervasive nutrient depletion and imbalances in rainfed soils are primarily responsible for decreasing yields and declining response to applied macronutrient fertilizers. Studies have indicated soil test-based balanced fertilization an important driver for enhancing yields and improving nutrient use efficiency in terms of uptake, utilization and use efficiency for grain yield and harvest index indicating improved grain nutritional quality. Recycling of on-farm wastes is a big opportunity to cut use and cost of chemical fertilizers while getting higher yield levels at same macronutrient levels. Best management practices like adoption of high-yielding and nutrient-efficient cultivars, landform management for soil structure and health, checking pathways of nutrient losses or reversing nutrient losses through management at watershed scale and other holistic crop management practices have great scope to result in enhancing nutrient and resource use efficiency through higher yields. The best practices have been found to promote soil organic carbon storage that is critical for optimum soil processes and improve soil health and enhance nutrient use efficiency for sustainable intensification in the rainfed systems.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}

@article{Girish2015,
title = {Enhanced nutrient and rainwater use efficiency in maize and soybean with secondary and micronutrient amendments in the rainfed semi-arid tropics},
author = {Chander Girish and P.Wani Suhas and Sahrawat KL and Rajesh C},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2014.928928
http://oar.icrisat.org/8102/},
doi = {10.1080/03650340.2014.928928},
isbn = {0365-0340},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science},
volume = {61},
number = {3},
pages = {285-298},
abstract = {In view of widespread deficiencies, a long-term experiment was started at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics, Patancheru, India in 2007 to identify economically efficient application strategy (full or 50% dose every or every second year) of sulphur (S) (30 kg ha−1), boron (B) (0.5 kg ha−1) and zinc (Zn) (10 kg ha−1). During the fourth year in 2010, balanced fertilization through adding S, B and Zn increased maize grain yield by 13–52% and soybean yield by 16–28% compared to nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) fertilization alone. Balanced nutrition increased N and P uptake, utilization and use efficiency for grain yield and harvest index indicating improved grain nutritional quality. The N, P plus 50% of S, B and Zn application every year recorded highest crop yields and N and P efficiencies indices and increased rainwater use efficiency with a benefit:cost ratio of 11.9 for maize and 4.14 for soybean. This study showed the importance of a deficient secondary nutrient S and micronutrients B, Zn in improving N and P use efficiency while enhancing economic food production.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{dspace8632,
title = {Soil-test-based balanced nutrient management for sustainable intensification and food security: Case from Indian semi-arid tropics},
author = {Wani SP and Chander G and Sahrawat KL and Pardhasaradhi G},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/8632/},
issn = {1532-2416},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis},
volume = {46},
number = {1},
pages = {20-33},
publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
abstract = {In the semi-arid tropics (SAT), there exists large yield gaps (two- to four-fold) between current farmers? yields and achievable yields. Apart from water shortages, soil degradation is responsible for the existing gaps and inefficient utilization of whatever scarce water resource is available. On-farm soil fertility testing across different states in Indian SAT during 2001?2012 showed widespread new deficiencies of sulfur (46?96 percent), boron (56?100 percent), and zinc (18?85 percent) in addition to already known phosphorus (21?74 percent) and nitrogen (11?76 percent, derived from soil carbon). Based on these results, a new fertilizer management strategy was designed to meet varying soil fertility needs at the level of a cluster of villages by applying a full nutrient dose if ensuremath>50 percent fields were deficient and a half dose in the case of fields ensuremath<50 percent deficient. Improved nutrient management significantly increased crop productivity in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) (17?86 percent), sorghum (Sorghum bicolor) (30?55 percent), soybean (Glycine max) (10?40 percent), and maize (Zea mays) (10?50 percent) with favorable benefit-cost ratios (1.43?15.2) over farmers? practice. Nutrient balancing improved nitrogen-fertilizer-use efficiency in respect of plant uptake from soil, transport into grain, use efficiency in food production, and grain nutritional quality. Balanced-nutrient-managed plots showed better post harvest soil fertility. Residual benefits of sulfur, boron, and zinc were observed in up to three succeeding seasons. Results of soil-test-based nutrient-management trials have sensitized policy makers in some states for desired policy orientation to benefit millions of smallholders in the Indian SAT.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{dspace8867,
title = {An assessment of soil fertility status of the rainfed regions of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh},
author = {Ghosh R and Chander G and Rathore A and Telangre R and Rao SK and Sharma SN and Pande S and Sharma M},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/8867/},
issn = {0976-1721},
year = {2015},
date = {2015-01-01},
journal = {Indian Journal of Soil Conservation},
volume = {43},
number = {2},
pages = {142-146},
publisher = {Indian Associations of Soil & Water Conservationists},
abstract = {There are large yield gaps between farmers? current yields and achievable yields in the semi-arid regions of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh. Lack of awareness about soil health is leading to indiscriminate or imbalanced use of chemical fertilizers exposing farm based livelihoods to soil health related risks. Soil fertility assessment of crop fields in Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh showed Madhya Pradesh soils relatively poor in terms of soil organic C and available P. All fields in both the states were sufficient in K; and majority of the fields in Madhya Pradesh had adequate N and P. Results showed scope to cut use and cost of current N, P and K fertilizers. However, widespread deficiencies were recorded for S (52 to 90% fields), B (67 to 100%) and Zn (20 to 52%) in the selected sites for the study. Results showed that the deficiencies of S, B and Zn are apparently the stumbling block for realizing higher yields, and declining response to N, P and K fertilizers. An assessment of soil fertility status of the rainfed regions of Chhattisgarh and Madhya Pradesh.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{dspace8687,
title = {Micronutrient cations status in vegetable growing soils of sub-humid and wet- temperate zones of Himachal Pradesh},
author = {Chander G and Sharma S and Sharma V and Verma S and Sharma S and Verma TS},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/8687/},
issn = {0970-595},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-06-01},
journal = {Himachal Journal of Agricultural Research},
volume = {40},
number = {1},
pages = {79--83},
publisher = {CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya},
abstract = {Composite surface (0 to 0.15 m) soil samples were collected from vegetable growing fields in mid-hills subhumid and high-hills wet-temperate sub-agroclimatic zones of Himachal Pradesh. The soils in wet temperate zone of Himachal Pradesh were more acidic (pH 5.2 to 6.8) in contrast to soils in mid?hills subhumid zone (pH 5.8 to 7.5) sandy loam to clay loam in texture, medium to high in organic carbon content. Soils were medium in available-N, low to medium in available-P and medium to high in available-K. In -1 sub-humid zone, the DTPA-extractable micronutrients ranged between 0.64 to 11.0 mg kg for Zn, 0.14 to -1 -1 -1 2.80 mg kg for Cu, 10.6 to 70.8 mg kg for Fe and 2.1 to 34.9 mg kg for Mn, while in wet-temperate zone -1 -1 -1 between 0.44 to 2.06 mg kg forZn, 0.02 to 3.60 mg kg for Cu, 22.8 to 96.6 mg kg for Fe and 2.5 to 40.0 mg -1 kg for Mn. Soils in some parts of wet temperate zone of Himachal Pradesh are inherently low in DTPA extractable Zn (19%), Cu (13%) and Mn (6%) while parts of sub humid zone are low in DTPA-extractable Cu (16%) and Mn (5%). All the DTPA micronutrients showed positive correlation with organic carbon. DTPA-Fe and Mn showed a negative correlation with soil pH. Among mechanical separates, the availability of DTPA-Cu and Mn was higher with finer soil fractions and decreased with coarser ones and reverse relation was observed with DTPA-Zn.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Sandeep2014,
title = {Copper dynamics in a typic hapludalf under rice-wheat cropping system after Twelve Years of Annual Lantana Camara L. Residue Incorporation},
author = {Sharma Sandeep and Chander Girish and Verma TS},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2014.888738},
doi = {10.1080/01904167.2014.888738},
issn = {1532-4087},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Plant Nutrition},
volume = {37},
number = {7},
abstract = {Long term effects of lantana (Lantana camera L.) residue and fertilizer application were studied on copper (Cu) fractions in a Typic Hapludalf under rice-wheat cropping at Palampur, India (32°6′N, 76°3′E). A partitioning of soil Cu revealed residual Cu and organically bound Cu as the most dominant fractions followed by Cu occluded by free oxides, specifically exchangeable Cu and soil solution and exchangeable Cu. Continuous incorporation of lantana after 12 years resulted in redistribution of Cu from non-available forms to readily and potentially available forms in soil. All the Cu fractions were positively interrelated amongst themselves and with grain yield and Cu uptake in rice and wheat crops. Specifically exchangeable Cu followed by organically bound Cu were the most important Cu fraction contributing towards grain yield and Cu uptake in rice and wheat crops.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Sandeep2014,
title = {Nitrogen dynamics under long term Lantana Camara (L.) residue and fertilizer application in a rice-wheat cropping system},
author = {Sharma Sandeep and Chander Girish and Verma TS},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2014.890221},
doi = {10.1080/01904167.2014.890221},
issn = {1532-4087},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Plant Nutrition},
volume = {37},
number = {11},
abstract = {Long term effects of lantana (Lantana camera L.) residue and fertilizer application were studied on nitrogen (N) fractions in a Typic Hapludalf under rice-wheat cropping at Palampur, India (32°6’N, 76°3’E). After 12 crop cycles, lantana and fertilizer application showed an additive effect on the buildup of different N fractions. Hydrolyzable-N constituted 86% of total organic-N and 84% of total-N. All fractions of N except unidentified-N, non-hydrolyzable-N, and total-N were strongly interdependent and had a positive influence on grain yield and N uptake in rice and wheat crops. Serine+threonine-N was the most important fraction contributing towards grain yield and N uptake in rice and wheat. Fertilizers at 66% of recommendation plus lantana at 10 t ha−1 maintained higher available-N than that under 100% fertilizers alone; the N content was same as 12 years before. Inclusion of lantana indicated net saving of 33% fertilizers plus higher yields and sustained soil health.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Girish2014,
title = {Soil test-based nutrient balancing improved crop productivity and rural livelihoods: case study from rainfed semi-arid tropics in Andhra Pradesh, India},
author = {Chander Girish and P.Wani Suhas and L.Sahrawat Kanwar and Dixit Sreenath and Venkateswarlu B and Rajesh C and Narsimha Rao P and Pardhasaradhi G},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/7314/
http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2013.871706},
doi = {10.1080/03650340.2013.871706},
issn = {0365-0340},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science},
volume = {60},
number = {8},
pages = {1051-1066},
abstract = {Widespread multinutrient deficiencies in the semi-arid tropics (SAT) are among major factors for large gaps between farmers’ current crop yields and potential yields. In this study, we adopted a stratified soil sampling method to assess soil fertility-related constraints in farmers’ fields in eight districts of Andhra Pradesh in the semi-arid tropics of India. Most of the fields across all eight districts were critical in sulfur (61%–98% deficient fields); and up to six districts each in boron (83%–98% deficient fields), zinc (50–85% deficient fields), and soil organic carbon (55–97% deficient fields). Low soil organic carbon specifically indicates nitrogen deficiency. Phosphorus deficiency was critical in three districts (60–84%) while potassium in general was adequate. Soil test-based nutrient balancing through the application of sulfur, boron, and zinc in addition to farmers’ practice of adding only nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium increased crop productivity by 8%–102%. Benefit–cost ratio (1.60–28.5) proved favourable to scale-up balanced nutrition. Better post-harvest soil health and residual benefits of sulfur, boron, and zinc up to four succeeding seasons indicated sustainability of the practice. Results showed that balanced nutrition is a way forward for sustainably improving farm productivity and livelihoods.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@incollection{dspace8454,
title = {Vermicomposting : Recycling wastes into valuable manure for sustained crop intensification in the semi-arid tropics},
author = {Wani SP and Chander G and Vineela C},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/8454/},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
booktitle = {Bioresources for Sustainable Plant Nutrient Management},
pages = {123--151},
publisher = {Satish Serial Publishing House},
address = {Delhi},
abstract = {Producing more food sustainably from the limited and scarce land and water resources to feed ever-growing population of 9 billion people in the world by 2050 is a challenge for the human kind in the 21st century. Neither the quantity of available water or land has increased since 1950, but the availability of water and land per head has declined significantly due to increase in global human population. For example in India per capita arable land availability has decreased from 0.39 ha in 1951 to 0.14 ha in 2001 due to increased population from 361 million in 1951 to 1.02 billion in 2001 which is expected to rise to 1.39 billion by 2025 and 1.64 billion by 2050 with associated decrease in per capita arable land availability 0.1 ha in 2025 and 0.08 ha by 2050. Distribution of land varies differently in different countries and regions in the world and also the current population as well as anticipated growth which is expected to grow rapidly in developing countries.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {incollection}
}

@article{dspace8101,
title = {Balanced nutrient management for crop intensification and livelihood improvement: A case study from watershed in Andhra Pradesh, India},
author = {Chennamaneni SR and Wani SP and Chander G and Sahrawat KL},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/8101/},
issn = {0010-3624},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis},
pages = {1-14},
publisher = {Taylor & Francis},
abstract = {Soil health assessment of farmers? fields in watershed villages in Medak district, Andhra Pradesh, India showed widespread deficiencies of sulfur (S), boron (B), and zinc (Zn) in addition to organic carbon and phosphorus (P). Participatory on-farm trials on soil test-based application of deficient Zn, B, and S along with nitrogen (N) and P during 2009 to 2012 significantly increased crop yields over farmers? practice (FP) ? by 31% to 45% in chickpea, 15% to 16% in cotton, 12% to 15% in paddy, and 8% to 9% in sugarcane. Total soluble sugars in sugarcane under balanced nutrition (BN) increased by 13%. Residual benefits of S, B, and Zn were observed in succeeding chilly crop (12% higher yield). Benefit to cost (B:C) ratios of BN ranged between 2.8 to 8.5 in chickpea, 2.6 to 4.4 in cotton, 2.3 to 2.9 in paddy, and 7.1 to 11.4 in sugarcane, indicating economic feasibility for scaling-up.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{dspace8257,
title = {Effects of boron fertilization on calcium : Boron ratio and boron mobility in cauliflower},
author = {Chander G and Sharma S and Sharma V and Sharma S and Verma S and Verma TS},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/8257/},
issn = {2277-1271},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Research},
volume = {51},
number = {2},
pages = {128-131},
publisher = {Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana},
abstract = {Greenhouse studies were conducted on two different alfisols, Bajaura (Loam) and Junga (Sandy loam), that are deficient in boron (B) for cauliflower (Brassica oleracea L. var. botrytis). The calcium:boron (Ca:B) ratio in cauliflower leaves with applied B (1 to 3 mg kg?1 soil) varied from 1276 to 521 in the Bajaura soil with high exchangeable-Ca and no deficiency or toxicity symptoms were evident. In the Junga soil with low exchangeable-Ca, however, the Ca:B ratio varied from 505 to 223 with toxicity symptoms visible when 2 and 3 mg kg?1 B has been applied. This corresponds to a Ca:B ratio of 256 and 223. Farm yard manure application showed an ameliorating effect on Ca:B ratio with a tendency to decrease a high Ca:B ratio in the absence of B application and increase a lower Ca:B ratio when incorporated with higher levels of B. The B mobility from leaves to curd decreased with increasing levels of B application and thus provided a circumstantial evidence for B retranslocation under conditions of low B supply i.e. conditional mobility.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{dspace8280,
title = {Integrated nutrient management using deoiled jatropha cake for sustained and economic food production},
author = {Wani SP and Chander G and Sahrawat KL and Rao PN},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/8280/},
issn = {1735-6814},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {International Journal of Plant Production},
volume = {8},
number = {4},
pages = {549--562},
publisher = {Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, Gorgan, Iran},
abstract = {With growing environmental and energy concerns, Jatropha plantations are promoted in degraded/waste lands for the biodiesel production. Nutrient rich nonedible deoiled seed cake, a by-product of Jatropha left out after oil extraction was evaluated at the ICRISAT centre at Patancheru, India as an environment friendly source of nutrients for rainy season maize and soybean followed by postrainy chickpea in rainfed systems. Deoiled cake as partial (50%) or full replacement of recommended basal nitrogen (N) was found superior in terms of increased crop yield over the equivalent chemical fertilizers treatments. Highest yield and net returns under full replacement of basal N for maize, while under 50% basal N replacement in case of soybean and chickpea crops were recorded by 8 to 27% in grain yield and 10 to 28% in straw yield. Deoiled Jatropha cake as a full replacement of N dose in maize also recorded higher N uptake and use efficiency in maize than chemical N source treatment along with increased organic C and nutrient contents in post-harvest soil samples. This study revealed the benefits of Jatropha deoiled seed cake as a good source of plant nutrients and soil organic C in the semi-arid tropics in addition to enhanced C sequestration under Jatropha plantation on degraded waste lands},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{dspace8281,
title = {Science-led interventions in integrated watersheds to improve smallholders' Livelihoods},
author = {Wani SP and Chander G and Sahrawat KL},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/8281/},
issn = {1573-5214},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
journal = {NJAS - Wageningen Journal of Life Sciences},
volume = {70},
pages = {71--77},
publisher = {Elsevier B.V.},
abstract = {Existing large crop yield gaps between farmers? fields in rainfed areas and the achievable yields are abridged through integrated watershed management during 2002-2007, while improving farmers? livelihoods also. In addition to water shortages, emerging widespread deficiencies of multiple micro- and secondary nutrients such as sulphur (S), boron (B) and zinc (Zn) along with nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) are holding back the productivity potential through inefficient utilization of limited available water. Soil test-based balanced nutrient application of deficient SBZn plus NP in fields in watersheds recorded 70 to 119% (2100 kg ha?1 in maize, 660 kg ha?1 in groundnut, 640 kg ha?1 in mungbean and 1070 kg ha?1 in sorghum) improvement in crop productivity along with additional returns varying from Rs 16,050/- to Rs 28,160/- ha?1 over the farmers? practice (only NP). Landform management to alleviate waterlogging proved effective intervention to manage high clay Vertisols for higher soybean and groundnut productivity by 13 to 27% (340 to 350 kg ha?1 in soybean and 160 to 250 kg ha?1 in groundnut) over the farmers? practice. However, the integrated approach of balanced nutrition and landform management plus improved cultivar was the best option in increasing sunflower productivity by 182% (1600 kg ha?1 in sunflower) over farmers? management (control). Adoption of these soil-water-crop interventions in target watersheds abridged yield gaps by 12 to 96% in groundnut (160 to 1280 kg ha?1), 29 to 100% (240 to 1130 kg ha?1) in pigeonpea and 0 to 100% (0 to 1175 kg ha?1) in chickpea. The impact of watershed interventions was seen in farm-based activities like improved milk production and incomes. The watershed programs alleviated migration in the catchments by improving the five capitals viz. human, financial, social, physical and natural},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@conference{dspace6743,
title = {Climate change mitigation and adaptation potential of conservation agriculture: Effects on rainwater use efficiency, runoff, soil moisture, soil organic carbon and energy use},
author = {Jat RA and Pathak P and Wani SP and Sudi R and Sahrawat KL and Srinivas K and Chander G},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/6743/},
year = {2014},
date = {2014-01-01},
booktitle = {World Congress on Conservation Agriculture},
journal = {Mitigation and Adaptation Strategies for Global Change},
volume = {12},
number = {5},
pages = {11--12},
publisher = {Springer Netherlands},
organization = {June 22-25, 2014, Winnipeg convention Centre, Winnipeg, Manitoba},
abstract = {As climate change will likely have adverse effects on agricultural productivity and food security in much of the semi-arid tropics ((SAT, IPCC, 2007), there is need to develop and disseminate production technologies that provide a layer of resilience against such climate change effects on food security. A long-term experiment was initiated at the International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics (ICRISAT) farm in Patancheru, India in 2009 rainy season to assess the potential of conservation agriculture (CA) as an alternative and resilient production technology for sustainable crop intensification under rainfed situations in the SAT of southern India. Two tillage treatments -- , normal tillage (NT) minimum tillage (MT), and residue management practices -- residue removal (RR) and residue retention (RT) were tested in maize-chickpea sequence and maize/pigeonpea intercropping systems with four replications. The soil of experimental field was Vertic Inceptisol, which according to USDA is classified as a member of the fine, montmorillonite, isohyperthermic family of paralithic Vertic Ustopepts (Vertic cambisol as per FAO classification); slightly alkaline (pH 7.91) with EC 0.22, medium in organic C (0.42 %) and available P (10.61 kgha-1). Here we present effects of tillage and residue management practices on rainwater use efficiency (RWUE), runoff, soil moisture content and soil organic carbon (SOC) during 2010-11 and 2011-12 seasons. Data from integrated digital runoff and soil loss monitoring unit (IDRSMU, Pathak et al., 2011) were analyzed to estimate runoff in different treatment plots in maize-chickpea system. Soil moisture content was measured using the neutron probe (Troxler model 4302) calibrated under same soil.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {conference}
}

@article{Girish2013,
title = {Balanced and integrated nutrient management for enhancedand economic food production: Case study from rainfed semi-arid tropics in India},
author = {Chander Girish and P.Wani Suhas and L.Sahrawat Kanwar and J.Kamdi Prasad and K.Pal Chitendra and K.Pal Dilip and P.Mathur Tej},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03650340.2012.761336},
doi = {10.1080/03650340.2012.761336},
issn = {0365-0340},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science},
volume = {59},
number = {12},
abstract = {Soil degradation in the semi-arid tropics (SAT) is mainly responsible for low crop and water productivity. In Madhya Pradesh and Rajasthan states in India, the soil analyses of farmers’ fields revealed widespread deficiencies of S (9–96%), B (17–100%) and Zn (22–97%) along with that of P (25–92%). Soil organic C was deficient in 7–84% fields indicating specifically N deficiencies and poor soil health in general. During on-farm evaluations in rainy seasons 2010 and 2011, the soil test based addition of deficient nutrient fertilizers as balanced nutrition (BN) increased crop yields by 6–40% (benefit to cost ratios of 0.81–4.28) through enhanced rainwater use efficiency. The integrated nutrient management (INM), however, decreased the use of chemical fertilizers in BN by up to 50% through on-farm produced vermicompost and recorded yields at par or more than BN with far better benefit to cost ratios (2.26–10.2). Soybean grain S and Zn contents improved with INM. Applied S, B, Zn and vermicompost showed residual benefits as increased crop yields for succeeding three seasons. Hence, results showed INM/BN was economically beneficial for producing more food, while leading to resilience building of SAT production systems.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@article{Sandeep2013,
title = {Soil potassium fractions in rice-wheat cropping system after twelve years of lantana residue incorporation in a Northwest Himalayan Acid Alfisol},
author = {Sharma Sandeep and Chander Girish and Verma TS and Verma Sudhir},
url = {http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01904167.2013.815202
http://oar.icrisat.org/7154/},
doi = {10.1080/01904167.2013.815202},
issn = {0190-4167},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
journal = {Journal of Plant Nutrition},
volume = {36},
number = {12},
pages = {1809-1820},
abstract = {A long-term field experiment with rice-wheat cropping was started in the wet season of 1988 with four levels of lantana (Lantana camara L.) (0, 10, 20, and 30 Mg ha−1 on fresh weight basis) and three tillage practices (No puddling, puddling, and soil compaction). From wet season of 1997, however, three tillage practices were replaced with three levels of nitrogen (N) and potassium (K) to rice (33, 66, and 100% of recommended) and 66% of recommended N, phosphorus (P), and K to wheat. Phosphorus was totally omitted for the rice crop. The recommended N and K for rice was 90 and 40 kg ha−1, whereas the recommendations for N, P, and K for wheat were 120, 90 and 30 kg ha−1. Organic amendments are known to improve soil productivity under rice-wheat cropping by improving physical conditions and nutrient status of the soil, but their availability is restricted. There is a need to identify locally available and cost-effective organic materials that have minimal alternate uses as fodder and fuel. We evaluated Lantana camara L. residues, a fast-growing weed in nearby wastelands, as a potential soil organic amendment. Among the different fractions of K, nonexchangeable K was dominant followed by exchangeable and water soluble K. The incorporation of lantana (10 to 30 Mg ha−1) over the last 12 years has resulted in a significant build-up of all the K fractions, the maximum being in water-soluble K (10 to 32%) followed by exchangeable K (18 to 27%) and least in nonexchangeable K (5 to 7%) over no lantana incorporation. The increasing levels of these two inputs significantly and consistently increased ammonium acetate (NH4OAc)- extracted K (available K) content in soil and also resulted in significantly higher accumulation of K by the crops during the years of experimentation. Among different K fractions, exchangeable K was observed to be the most important K fraction contributing towards wheat and rice yields as well as K accumulation by wheat and rice. Stepwise multiple regression equations indicated that exchangeable K was the most important variable contributing towards total variation in grain yield and K accumulation by wheat or rice.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}

@techreport{dspace6843,
title = {Improved crop productivity and rural livelihoods through balanced nutrition in the rainfed semi-arid tropics},
author = {Wani SP and Chander G and Sahrawat KL and Dixit S and Venkateswarlu B},
url = {http://oar.icrisat.org/6843/},
year = {2013},
date = {2013-01-01},
number = {Resilient Dryland Systems Report no. 58.},
publisher = {International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics},
address = {Patancheru, Andhra Pradesh, India},
institution = {International Crops Research Institute for the Semi-Arid Tropics},
abstract = {Diagnostic soil analysis in targeted clusters of eight districts in Andhra Pradesh revealed critical deficiencies of sulphur (61 to 98%), boron (23 to 98%) and zinc (45 to 85%) in addition to that of soil carbon (25 to 97%), and phosphorus (14 to 84%) which are apparently holding back the productivity potential. The soil test based application of sulphur, boron and zinc together increased productivity by 8 to 102% in cotton, groundnut, castor, sorghum, greengram, cowpea, chickpea and maize. Economic assessment reveal that per rupee invested as additional cost (` 1,400/- to ` 2,150/-) gave ` 1.6 to 28.5 in return. Residual benefits of balanced nutrition were observed during 4 succeeding seasons. Soil health improved in balanced nutrition plots, inspite of higher yields and nutrient removal. The results showed that balanced nutrition is the way forward to increase crop productivity through resilience building of production systems and improve farm based livelihoods in the SAT regions.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {techreport}
}